Kalashnik is a Russian and occupational surname, meaning "maker of kalaches".
A man who made kalaches was called a калачник (kalachnik), which sometimes by sandhi effect became калашник (kalashnik).
The Ukrainian-language version is Kalashnyk.
Other English-spelling variants include Kalachnik, Kalachnyk, Kalačnik, Kalašnik, Kalasnik or Kolashnik, Kolachnik, Kolashnyk, Kolachnyk, Kolačnik, Kolašnik, Kolasnik.
It may refer to the following persons: