The overwhelmingly Uyghur population of the county lives on oases at the base of the Tian Shan (Tangri Tagh) mountains and on the edge of the Taklamakan Desert.

[8] According to Radio Free Asia, in 2008, Chinese authorities demolished a Uyghur mosque 80 km (50 mi) from the Upper Kumtagh village in Kalpin County because the mosque was said to be illegally built and said to have been conducting illegal religious activities.

The county received one million CNY in rescue funds from nearby government offices.

[10][11] Tianshannet reported that on the following Wednesday, a man in Urumqi was detained by police for spreading rumors about the incident.

[14] According to research presented in The Diplomat, Xinjiang Nuodun Garment Co., Ltd. (新疆诺顿服装有限公司), a company based in Kalpin County, was founded in July 2017.

[6] The county is made up of territory in the Tian Shan mountain range and the Taklamakan Desert.

[22] Spoons and other tableware made from the fragrant wood of apricot trees are a traditional product produced in the county.