In 1134, Yuri Dolgorukiy, the Prince of Moscow, founded the fortress of Ksnyatin in the mouth of the Nerl.

[12] Uyezds were abolished as well, and Kalyazinsky District, with the administrative center in Kalyazin, was established within Kimry Okrug of Moscow Oblast.

In the 1930s, during the construction of the Uglich Reservoir, the historic part of Kalyazin, including the Makaryev Monastery, was submerged under water.

[12] Two factories in Kalyazin one producing oil extraction equipment and another one manufacturing some parts of MiG airplanes, are responsible for 42% of the total industrial production of the district.

[13] The main agricultural specializations of the district are cattle breeding with meat and milk production, as well as flax growing.

[14] The railway connecting Moscow via Kimry with Uglich crosses the district from west to east and runs through Kalyazin.

The district contains twenty-eight cultural heritage monuments of federal significance (sixteen of them located in Kalyazin) and additionally forty-two objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance (twenty-two of them in Kalyazin).

The district landmark is the Kalyazin Bell Tower, submerged by the Uglich Reservoir and located only partially above the water level.

Other federal monuments include the ensemble of administrative buildings and living houses in the center of Kalyazin, the Ascencion and the Epiphany Churches in Kalyazin, the Epiphany Church in the village of Semendyayevo, and the estates of Kalabriyevo and Rylovo, as well as an archeological site.