Willow flute

Similar but not identical instruments were made by peasants in Poland, usually using a different method described in sources as "kręcenie" (that nowadays means literally "rolling", at that time possibly also "drilling-gouging"), "ukręcanie", "ulinianie" (nowadays literally meaning: "making moulted").

It is played by varying the force of the air blown into the mouthpiece, with the end of the tube being covered by the finger or left open.

The side hole and/or end are opened and closed while playing to produce different notes (like the Slovak koncovka).

In Eastern traditions, the kalyuka was played on summer evenings after the hay harvest when the suitable weeds, cut with a scythe, were available to make one, and was accompanied by percussion instruments.

Noted modern willow flute artists include the group Hedningarna and Anders Norudde of Sweden.