[6] The invasion appears to have been a surprise for Karna, as Alauddin's army captured Gujarat easily in a very short time.
[7] The Jain chronicler Jinaprabha Suri states that Ulugh Khan's forces defeated Karna's army at Ashapalli (present-day Ahmedabad).
[8] According to the 14th century writer Isami, Karna weighed his options: putting up a fight against the invaders or retiring into a fortress.
[10] The 14th century chronicler Isami states that he was refused asylum by the Yadavas, and had to seek shelter from the Kakatiya ruler Rudradeva.
[11] Meanwhile, the Delhi army plundered the wealthy cities of Gujarat, including the capital Anahilavada (modern Patan), Khambhat, Surat and Somnath.
An Arabic epitaph from Khambat, dated 8 April 1299, names the deceased Shihab-ud-Din as the former governor (hakim) of Kambaya, that is, Khambhat.
It is not clear whose subordinate Shihab-ud-Din was, but if he was a Muslim governor appointed by the invaders, it is possible that Khambhat was under Khalji control at this time.
[16] During the invading army's return journey to Delhi, its Mongol soldiers had rebelled against their commanders over their share of the loot from Gujarat.
[17] According to the 16th century chronicler Firishta, Karna escaped to the Yadava kingdom, where Ramachandra of Devagiri gave him the principality of Baglana.
[19] The Jain writer Kakka Suri, in his Nabhi-nandana-jinoddhara-prabandha (1336), describes the end of Karna as follows: "On account of his [Alauddin's] prowess, Karṇa, the ruler of Gurjaratrā, fled away in all haste and having wandered about in many kingdoms died the death of a pauper.
A 1498 CE inscription shows that a family of the Vaghela clan was ruling at a place called Dandahi, as subordinates of the Muslim ruler Mahmud Begada.
[25] The poet pays obeisance to Ganesha and the Sun God at the beginning of the prashasti, and then introduces the Vaghela family.
[23] The family is mentioned by the name Dhavalauka (literally, "of Dhavala", that is, of the original Vaghela capital Dholka).
[26] First, the poet mentions Karna's ancestor Anaka (Arnoraja), who is described as a scion of the Chaulukya family and the ruler of Saurashtra.
Mahadeva's grandson and Vaijalla's father Munjala-deva is said to have died in a fight with cattle-thieves, while protecting men and cows.
[26] A bilingual Persian-Sanskrit inscription from Karna's reign was found on a marble slab in 1981, during digging operations at the Sampla village in Gujarat.
[27] The inscription, issued on 4 August 1304, records the donation of a village to the Jami mosque of Khambhat (not to be confused with the present-day structure) by Karna's Muslim officers, with the king's permission.
[28] Shadi and Balchaq appear to have been Mongol officers who rebelled against the Khalji commander, and sought service under Karna.
The event is also described in several Hindu and Jain chronicles, including Merutunga's Prabandha-Chintamani (1305), Dharmaranya (c. 1300-1450), Jinaprabha Suri's Tirthakalpataru (14th century), and Padmanābha's Kanhadade Prabandha (1455).