Herloßsohn returned to Prague at the beginning of 1822, continued his law studies and published his first poetic works in the Dresden daily, the Dresdner Abend-Zeitung.
His poem Wenn die Schwalben heimwärts ziehn was set to music several times including by Robert Schumann.
Like Wilhelm Hauff, Herloßsohn parodied Heinrich Clauren by publishing the novel Emmy oder der Mensch denkt, Gott lenkt under his name in 1827.
His Löschpapiere aus dem Tagebuch eines reisenden Teufels (2 vols., 1827/28) or the almanac Mephistopheles, a political-satirical paperback for the year 1833, published with Johann Peter Lyser, caused a stir.
From 1839 to 1842, he published together with Hermann Marggraff and Robert Blum the Allgemeines Theaterlexicon or encyclopedia of "everything worth knowing for stage performers, amateurs and theatre fans with the participation of Germany's most knowledgeable writers" in seven volumes.