Charles III Philip (4 November 1661 – 31 December 1742) was Elector Palatine, Count of Palatinate-Neuburg, and Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1716 to 1742.

Though Charles Philip became a cleric in Cologne at the age of fourteen in 1677 in Salzburg, and again in 1679 in Mainz, he was not ordained but instead started a military career in 1684.

His first marriage took place in Berlin on 10 August 1688 when he married Princess Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł, dowager margravine of Brandenburg and a wealthy heiress in Lithuania.

They had two daughters, neither of whom though lived past the age of three: In 1728, he married Countess Violente Maria Theresia of Thurn und Taxis (1683–1734).

This childless union was considered morganatic, as the Augsburg branch of the wealthy Thurn und Taxis family had only been elevated to baronial rank in 1657 and made counts of the Empire in 1701.