Solutional cave

[2] The portions of a solutional cave that are below the water table or the local level of the groundwater are flooded.

Limestone caves are often adorned with calcium carbonate formations produced through slow precipitation.

These include flowstones, stalactites, stalagmites, helictites, soda straws, calcite rafts, and columns.

The dissolution process produces a distinctive landform known as "karst", characterized by sinkholes and underground drainage.

They were formed by H2S (hydrogen sulfide) gas rising from below, where reservoirs of petroleum give off sulfurous fumes.