Out of the 45 seats, 42 are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) ruling coalition after the 2023 state election.

Meanwhile, Barisan Nasional (BN) - United Malays National Organization (UMNO) holds 2 seats and Pakatan Harapan (PH) - National Trust Party (AMANAH) holds 1 seat.

The leader of the majority party or coalition in the Assembly is appointed Menteri Besar by the Sultan of Kelantan.

The person who assumes the role of Menteri Besar appoints the state's executive council, or EXCO (Majlis Mesyuarat Kerajaan), drawing from members of the Assembly.

The Assembly contains two administrative committees, namely:[1] The 2023 Kelantan state election witnessed 37 governmental seats and 8 non-governmental seats filled the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly.