Kenneth Harry Roscoe (13 December 1914 – 10 April 1970) was a British civil engineer who made tremendous contributions to the plasticity theories of soil mechanics.
He was educated at Newcastle-under-Lyme High School and at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he studied the Mechanical Sciences tripos and was elected a senior scholar.
[2][3] After a brief period spent as a technical trainee at Metropolitan-Cammell, Roscoe was posted as an adjutant to the Corps of Royal Engineers Forward Sub-Area in northern France at the beginning of World War II.
In 1958 a study of the yielding of soil based on some Cambridge data of the simple shear apparatus tests, and on much more extensive data of triaxial tests at Imperial College London from research led by Professor Sir Alec Skempton at the Imperial Geotechnical Laboratories, led to the publication of the critical state concept.
[6] Roscoe's experiences of trying to create tunnels to escape when held as a prisoner of war introduced him to soil mechanics.