Prior to entering politics, Vuong was a businessman, who sold COVID masks, and served as a sub-lieutenant of HMCS York as a reservist in the Royal Canadian Navy.

[3] Vuong attended the University of Western Ontario under the school’s DAN Management and Organizational Studies program and worked a full-time job simultaneously.

He led multilateral negotiations for two working groups — international financial regulation and infrastructure development — and he and his team presented a final report to the president of Russia, Vladimir Putin, and other G20 leaders on combating global tax havens.

[24] Shortly before the 2021 Canadian federal election, the Toronto Star reported on August 10 that Vuong was expected to be tapped by the Liberal Party as the candidate for Spadina-Fort York following incumbent MP Adam Vaughan's surprise announcement of his retirement.

[26] On September 1, 2021, The Globe and Mail and other media outlets reported that Vuong was involved in a $1.5 million lawsuit filed against him related to a mask making business, TakeCare Supply.

[26] Mountfort said in her statement of claim that after the business had $7 million in sales in its first six months, Vuong and Lau avoided discussing the issue of Montfort's ownership stake and “it became apparent that Kevin and Larry intended to ‘cut out’ Anna-Maria from the business she created and to refuse to provide her with fair compensation in accordance with the parties’ original understanding.” She was ultimately paid just $135,000.

On September 10, 2024, the Toronto Star and CBC News reported that this lawsuit was settled moments before it was to go to trial, on confidential terms.

Recently, critics on social media said Vuong blocked them from his Twitter page and restricted who can comment on his Instagram posts.

Prior to being briefed by CSIS on Chinese government interference in the 2021 federal election, Vuong has speculated that he was targeted as “You don't have to be a political scientist to realize that I would not be a communist sympathizer, given my own family lived experience with my parents being run out of their country by communists.” [38] Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, leader of the Liberal Party, responded to the report on September 17, stating "We are a party that always takes seriously any allegations or reports of sexual harassment or intimidation or assault" and that "We are looking into it very carefully and we have asked the candidate to pause his campaign".

Of the ballots cast on election day, he polled 2,261 fewer votes than New Democratic Party candidate Norm Di Pasquale.

[41] Vuong was therefore elected as a result of advance polls and mail-in ballots, which had commenced several days prior to the scandal becoming public knowledge.

[34] Ontario Liberal Party leader Steven Del Duca called for Vuong to "examine his conscience" to see if he could credibly take his seat even as an independent, "given the circumstances of the allegation" against him.

While it is customary for an outgoing officeholder to confer with their successor after an election, Vaughan refused to meet with Vuong to discuss "certain sensitive cases and would instead ask ministers or neighbouring MPs to take them forward".

[51][52] In February 2024, he reported incidents of alleged antisemitism in Canada when pro-Palestinian protestors targeted a branch of an Israeli chain restaurant in Toronto.