Killamarsh is surrounded by, in a clockwise direction from the north, Rother Valley Country Park, the village of Wales, Kiveton, Woodall, Harthill, Barlborough, Spinkhill, Renishaw, Eckington, and the (historically Derbyshire) Sheffield suburbs of Oxclose, Halfway and Holbrook.

[3] The Grade II* listed parish church of St Giles was built between the 12th and 15th centuries using sandstone.

The river Rother which flanks Killamarsh had provided power to grain mills since the earliest times and was used by ironmongers and smiths from the late 18th century.

This was used in the core of the second trans-Atlantic telegraph cable laid by the SS Great Eastern in 1866 as well as other equipment used in the splicing operations.

To the west of Killamarsh is a small animal feed mill, and the factory of Ross and Catherall, a specialist alloys supplier to the aerospace industry.

Killamarsh was once served by three railway stations: The western side of Killamarsh was originally going to be significantly affected by the new HS2 route from Birmingham to Leeds, but following the government's favouring of an alternative route which will run parallel to the M1 motorway, this is no longer likely to be the case.

[9] The project has now drawn to a close with the final erection of two new pedestrian and cycle bridges crossing the River Rother and the railway on the border of North East Derbyshire and Sheffield.

The planned Rother Link will connect the Chesterfield Canal at Killamarsh, via the River Rother through to the Sheffield and South Yorkshire Navigation, thus creating a new cruising ring and encouraging boats to visit the Chesterfield Canal.

It was created in the early 1980s as part of the restoration works following open cast mining of the area.