Most other islands off the northern coast of Quebec and Labrador belong exclusively to Nunavut.

Some cartographic sources do not correctly show the island's geopolitical boundaries; for instance, the Commission de toponymie du Québec seems to show it as belonging to Quebec (an apparent consequence of the province's longstanding boundary dispute with Labrador).

[3] The northernmost point of Newfoundland and Labrador is Cape Chidley on the island.

The largest identifiable land mass is the Torngat Mountains, part of the Arctic Cordillera, which proceed from the north to the south of the island.

The settlement, also called Killiniq (alternate spelling: Killinek; also known as Port Burwell; local variants: Killipaartalik or Kikkertaujak; previously: Bishop Jones' Village) was on what is now the Nunavut side of the island, part of the territory's Qikiqtaaluk Region.