The Kingdom of Slavonia (Croatian: Kraljevina Slavonija, Latin: Regnum Sclavoniae, Hungarian: Szlavón Királyság, German: Königreich Slawonien, Serbian Cyrillic: Краљевина Славонија) was a kingdom of the Habsburg monarchy and the Austrian Empire that existed from 1699 to 1868.

Besides a chain of mountains in the middle of the province, the remaining part of the kingdom consisted of extensive plains and fertile eminences planted with vines and fruit trees.

[3] The Kingdom of Slavonia was formed from territories that the Habsburg monarchy gained from the Ottoman Empire by the Treaty of Karlowitz (1699) that ended the Great Turkish War.

After the end of the Great Turkish War, Slavonia was left desolated as around 80% of its pre-war population fled.

In order to improve its demographics, people that fled from Slavonia and whose property was taken by the Ottomans were allowed to return to their lands if they had valid ownership documents.

The 1802 Austrian population data for the Kingdom of Slavonia recorded 148,000 (51.6%) Catholics, 135,000 (47.2%) Orthodox and 3,500 (1.2%) Protestants.