Klien-Lindner axle

It was developed by the German engineers, Ewald Klien and Heinrich Lindner, of the Royal Saxon State Railways (Königlich Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen).

The axles often caused uneven, jerky running as a result of the resistance forces that arise from this type of Cardan joint, and they were expensive to maintain, something which was not offset by the reduced wear and tear on wheel flanges and rails.

Several locomotives of this type were ordered for the Matheran Hill Railway in India, which has curves as sharp as 18.25 m (59.88 ft), traversed at a speed of 8 km/h (5 mph).

Consulting engineer Everard Calthrop designed a 0-6-0T with Klien-Lindner articulated coupled axles to provide a flexible wheelbase, and four were supplied by Orenstein & Koppel.

Steam locomotives with Klien-Lindner axle are still widely used for narrow gauge sugarcane railway in Java, Indonesia.