World café (conversation)

[1] Although pre-defined questions have been agreed upon at the beginning, outcomes or solutions are not decided in advance.

[6][7] A knowledge café, as developed by David Gurteen, has small tables, and a single open ended-question for all of the groups to discuss.

[8] Modified world café is a variant developed in 2019 and structured in two rounds which have the same length and an equal number of tables.

Each group is provided with a goal to work on and each round is ended by plenary presentation.

[9] Application in Japanese clinical clerkship and postgraduate (residency) clinical teaching showed a relevant increase of the perceived usefulness and consent in respect of the product of the discussion groups.