To this it adds the large nepheline syenite bodies of the Lovozero Massif and the Khibiny Mountains.
[2] The more mafic silicate rocks of the province originated from small degrees of partial melting in a source region in Earth's mantle made up of garnet-bearing peridotite.
Prior to Devonian magmatism the Kola and Karelia region had experienced a long history of low-frequency alkaline and carbonatite volcanism.
[1] The Permian rocks of the Kola Alkaline Province is commonly presumed to represent an igneous hotspot created by a mantle plume.
Some have suggested a link to the Permian Dnieper-Donets Rift while others have considered it as part of a much larger a "North Atlantic Alkaline Province".