Kolbuszowa [kɔlbuˈʂɔva] (Yiddish: קאלבאסאוו) is a small town in south-eastern Poland, with 9,190 inhabitants (02.06.2009).

The town, which administratively belonged to Sandomierz Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province, was probably founded before 1683, when it was mentioned in a trade regulating document of Józef Karol Lubomirski.

Following the late-18th-century partitions of Poland the town was in the Rzeszów district of the Austrian Galicia and in 1867 it became the seat of its own county (powiat).

During the war, German troops burned down part of the town and about half of the Jewish population perished.

It was a culmination of decades of preparations which started when this part of Poland was under the control of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.