[1] After the Bolsheviks came to power in October 1917, the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic recognized the independence of Bukhara and canceled the agreement on the protectorate of Russia.

In Bukhara itself, under the influence of the events taking place in Russia, the confrontation between the government of the emir and the Young Bukharians, a political movement that emerged from Jadidism, is intensifying.

Against the background of unsuccessful attempts to persuade the emir to carry out limited reforms, the leaders of the Young Bukharians set a course for preparing an armed uprising and turned their eyes to the revolutionary government in Tashkent.

During the uprising, according to the plans of the Young Bukharians, a revolutionary government was to be formed, and the emir was assigned only a decorative function.

During the negotiations of Fayzulla Khodjaev with the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Soviet Turkestan Fyodor Kolesov, the latter approved the plans of the Young Bukharians and promised support, advising to postpone the uprising until the end of the liquidation of the Kokand Autonomy.

After the successful suppression of the Kokand Autonomy and success with the performance of demobilized Cossack units in Samarkand, Kolesov appears in New Bukhara in early March and informs the Young Bukharians that the performance should take place in five days, and once again promised to bring weapons, ammunition and troops.

The Turkestan government, consisting of Bolsheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries, embarked on a course to support the Young Bukharians and to overthrow the emir.

Meanwhile, the Turkestan government did not expect serious resistance from the emir, hoping for the all–round support of the revolutionary forces inside Bukhara.

Even the Samarkand garrison, which was considered one of the strongest, was able to send to Kagan only an "armored bandage" with an infantry company and a platoon of cavalry – only 120 people...In early March, units of the Red Guard under the command of the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Fyodor Kolesov were concentrated in Kagan.

[2] The text of the ultimatum required: "To dissolve the government existing under you and to appoint in its place the Executive Committee of the Young Bukharians".

The next day, under the protection of a detachment of five hundred people, the Bukhara Revolutionary Committee arrives in the capital and declares itself to be the government.

[3] Realizing the futility of further struggle, Kolesov decides to retreat in the direction of Samarkand – Tashkent, evacuating the population of Kagan (mainly Europeans) together with the troops.

The Kolesov's echelons were rescued by a detachment expelled from Tashkent, led by the Left Socialist Revolutionaries Koluzaev, Petrenko and Stepanov.

[5][6] Alimkhan pledged to compensate for the losses caused to Soviet Turkestan and to limit his armed forces to 12 thousand people.

Defeat, brutal reprisals, the threat of destruction and emigration to a large extent brought the Young Bukharians closer to the Bolsheviks, some of them became members of the newly created Bukhara Communist Party.