After studying history, philosophy, and philology in Athens and Berlin, he worked as a teacher, becoming headmaster of Pancyprian Gymnasium (1936–1960).
His father was Spyridon Spyridakis (Σπυρίδων Σπυριδάκης) from Makrino in Epirus, Greece, who from 1924 to 1925 was headmaster of Pancyprian Gymnasium, the same school Konstantinos would later head.
In 1931 at the age of 28 he went to Germany for further studies under the classist Werner Jaeger in the University of Berlin, graduating with a doctorate on Evagoras I of Salamis in 1934.
[1] Spyridakis founded the Center for Scientific Research (Κέντρο Επιστημονικών Ερευνών; 1962); he was the founder and president of the Society of Cypriot Studies (Εταιρεία Κυπριακών Σπουδών; 1936–1976), and among the founders and a president of the Greek Intellectual Club of Cyprus (Ελληνικός Πνευματικός Ομίλος Κύπρου; 1947–1976).
He was a founding member and president of the Association of Greek Philologists of Cyprus "Stasinos" (Συνδέσμου Ελλήνων Φιλολόγων Κύπρου «Στασίνος»; 1962–1974),[7] and the Union of Secondary Education Teachers (ΟΕΛΜΕΚ; 1953–1959).
After his death, Archbishop Makarios founded in his memory the 'Konstantinos Spyridakis Scholarship Foundation' under the auspices of the Church of Cyprus.