The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

[2] Kosmos 1109 was launched from Site 41/1 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR.

[3] A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 18:11 UTC on 27 June 1979.

[4] The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 11417.

The payload was "lost" after 17 February 1980 and three pieces of debris were soon found that could be traced back to that period.