Kosmos 291 (Russian: Космос 291 meaning Cosmos 291), was a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons.

It was launched by the Soviet Union in September 1969 as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme.

It was launched aboard a Tsyklon carrier rocket, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

Shortly after launch, there was a booster failure which resulted in the loss of the spacecraft.

This article about one or more spacecraft of the Soviet Union is a stub.