[1] They are similar in appearance to Brown Swiss, but longer in head and body with a narrower forehead.
The Babaev herd had been crossed with Allgau bulls from southern Germany in the late 19th century, and with Brown Swiss from 1912.
From 1920 crossbreeding with Brown Swiss continued on State farms and some Ayrshire bulls were used.
[2] Kostroma cattle are similar in appearance to Brown Swiss but longer in head and body.
Animals in Karavaevo are light grey in colour with a yellow top line.