Surrounding communes are Niederschaeffolsheim in the north, Weitbruch to the east, Brumath to the south and Rottelsheim in the west.

The departmental road RD263 crosses the village, connecting to Haguenau in the north and the cantonal capital of Brumath five kilometres to the south.

The first surviving written record of the village dates from 823 and occurs in an exchange of documents between Prince Erchanger and Bernold, Bishop of Strasbourg.

Following the Habsburgs ascent to the throne, Kriegsheim achieved the privileges of an imperial village, falling within the bailiwick of Haguenau.

At the height of the Thirty Years War, in 1625, Georg Dietrich von Wangen received the other half, which he and his heirs held until the French Revolution.