The coalition consisted of the Homeland Union, National Resurrection Party (which suffered a split with both factions leaving the coalition by 2010), Liberal Movement, and the Liberal and Centre Union (which was later joined by a faction of the National Resurrection Party).

After the parliamentary elections in October, President Valdas Adamkus appointed Andrius Kubilius, the leader of the Homeland Union, as the Prime Minister on 28 November 2008.

The 15th cabinet received its mandate and started its work on 9 December 2008, after the Seimas gave assent to its program.

Despite an economic crisis and the unpopular austerity measures that the government implemented to face it, the cabinet became the first government of Lithuania since independence to serve the full four-year term of the Tenth Seimas,[9] returning its mandate on 16 November 2012[10] after the elections to the Seimas in October.

The government continued to serve in an acting capacity until the Butkevičius Cabinet started its work on 13 December 2012.