The Kutaisi or Kutais Governorate[a] was a province (guberniya) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire.

It roughly corresponded to most of western Georgia throughout most of its existence, and most of the Artvin Province (except the Hopa and Yusufeli districts) of Turkey between 1878 and 1903.

In 1905, the Sukhumi Okrug also received the status of a special district of the Russian Empire, tantamount to a governorate or oblast.

The majority of the populated indicated a Kartvelian language to be their mother tongue, principally comprising Georgian, Imeretian and Mingrelian.

The population total of the governorate is slightly less than in 1897 due to the province's administrative reorganization involving the detachment of the Artvin, Batum and Sukhumi okrugs (to be administered separately):[2]