As second in command of the Belle Poule he accompanied François d'Orléans, Prince of Joinville to Saint Helena to bring back the remains of Napoleon to France in 1840 (the Retour des cendres).

He was appointed capitaine de vaisseau (ship-of-the-line captain) in April 1841, and served in various naval commands during the remainder of the July Monarchy.

[2] In 1843 Charner was part of the fleet sent to the Pacific Ocean by the French Foreign Minister François Guizot under Admiral Jean-Baptiste Cécille with the diplomat Marie Melchior Joseph Théodore de Lagrené.

[4] On February 11, 1861,[5] he relieved the Siege of Saigon, thereby continuing the endeavour of Admiral Charles Rigault de Genouilly, and permitting the establishment of the first French territories in Vietnam.

[6] The French Navy Minister Chasseloup-Laubat wrote to Charner: "We wish to draw commerce to Saigon (...) What we want is a sort of suzerainty or sovereignty with free trade accessible to all".

[7] After three weeks of combat, ending with the Battle of Kỳ Hòa, Charner managed to relieve the Saigon garrison.

[9] Charner was replaced by Admiral Bonard in November 1861, who managed to obtain the recognition of the French conquests by Emperor Tự Đức in 1862,[9] with the June 1862 Treaty of Saigon.