On the northern edge of the range are the settlements of Löwenstein and Obersulm, to the east are Wüstenrot and Spiegelberg, to the south, Sulzbach an der Murr, Oppenweiler, Backnang and Aspach, and on the western rim are Oberstenfeld, Beilstein, Abstatt, Untergruppenbach and Lehrensteinsfeld.

To the south, west and north, mighty Keuper escarpments prominently mark the boundaries of the range with the Backnang Bay, Neckar Basin and Hohenlohe Plain.

The boundary with the adjacent Mainhardt Forest to the east is not clear from the terrain; it runs roughly from north to south, initially following the valley of the Gabelbach, a tributary of the Brettach, then via the settlement of Chausseehaus on the Bundesstraße 39 Federal road to the watershed on the ridge between the Lauter in the west and the Fischbach in the east, which it then follows.

Geologically the Löwenstein Hills belong to the Germanic Trias supergroup of the earth's Triassic period and are counted as part of the Keuper, which means they were formed about 220 million years ago.

In the Löwenstein Hills there are numerous outcrops, rock formations and mining galleries, some of which have educational paths offering information about them: