Layla and Majnun
[4] "The Layla-Majnun theme passed from Arabic to Persian, Turkish, and Indic languages",[5] through the narrative poem composed in 584/1188 by the Iranian poet Nizami Ganjavi, as the third part of his Khamsa.
The early anecdotes and oral reports about Majnun are documented in Kitab al-Aghani and Ibn Qutaybah's Al-Shi'r wa-l-Shu'ara'.
Nizami collected both secular and mystical sources about Majnun and portrayed a vivid picture of the famous lovers.
[12] Nizami drew influence from Udhrite (Udhri)[13][14] love poetry, which is characterized by erotic abandon and attraction to the beloved, often by means of an unfulfillable longing.
[16] The modern Arabic-language adaptation of the classical Arabic story include Shawqi's play The Mad Lover of Layla.
When he asked for her hand in marriage, her father refused because it would be a scandal for Layla to marry someone considered mentally unbalanced.
Layla is generally depicted as having moved to a place in Northern Arabia with her husband, where she became ill and eventually died.
It is narrated (by a woman) that Qays died in the year 68 AH (corresponding to 688 AD), found lying dead among stones (where Layla was buried) and his body was carried to his family.
She died during the reign of the fifth Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan in the 1st century of the Hijri in the Arabian Desert.
The town is called by her name "Layla" today, and is the capital of Al-Aflaj province in the Riyadh Region in Saudi Arabia.
Nizami collected both secular and mystical sources about Majnun and portrayed a vivid picture of the famous lovers.
[12] Nizami drew influence from Udhrite love poetry, which is characterized by erotic abandon and attraction to the beloved, often by means of an unfulfillable longing.
[15] Other influences include older Persian epics, such as Vāmiq u 'Adhrā, written in the 11th century, which covers a similar topic of a virgin and her passionate lover; the latter having to go through many trials to be with his love.
[22] According to Dr. Rudolf Gelpke, "Many later poets have imitated Nizami's work, even if they could not equal and certainly not surpass it; Persians, Turks, Indians, to name only the most important ones.
[b] This interpretation of the story generated more interest than previous Arabic and Persian versions, which the Turkish literature scholar İskender Pala attributes to the sincerity and lyricism of the poet's expression.
[26] The work has been described by the Encyclopædia Iranica as "the culmination of the Turk[ic] masnavi tradition in that it raised the personal and human love-tragedy to the plane of mystical longing and ethereal aspiration".
[25] Through his interpretation, the story of Layla and Majnun became widely known and Fuzuli's poem is considered one of the greatest works of Turkic literature.
The graves of Layla and Majnun are believed to be located in the Bijnore village near Anupgarh in the Sri Ganganagar district.
Hundreds of newlyweds and lovers from India and Pakistan, despite there being no facilities for an overnight stay, attend the two-day fair in June.
[citation needed] Khosrow and Shirin Muna Madan Heer Ranjha Sassui Punhun Tomb paintings of Sindh Embracing February 14: Celebrating Love, Romance, and Relationships book (2024) by Author.
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