Language input keys

On non-Japanese or Korean keyboard layouts using an IME, these functions can usually be reproduced via hotkeys, though not always directly corresponding to the behavior of these keys.

The OADG 109A and older 109 keyboard layouts which are the standard for Microsoft Windows have five dedicated language input keys:[1] Apple keyboards designed for Mac OS X have two language input keys: alphanumeric (英数) and kana (かな).

[2] For non-Japanese keyboards, the following shortcuts can be used for typing Japanese on English keyboard with Windows: Half-width/Full-width/Kanji (半角 / 全角 / 漢字, hankaku / zenkaku / kanji) toggles between entering half-width or full-width characters (if 2 versions of same character exists), and also between IME on (for Japanese, see Kanji key) and off (for English, see Alphanumeric key).

Non-conversion (無変換, muhenkan) specifies that the kana characters entered are not to be converted into kanji candidates.

カタカナ ひらがな ローマ字 The standard keyboard layout for IBM PC compatibles of South Korea is almost identical to the U.S. layout, with some exceptions: It toggles between entering Korean (Hangul) and English (ISO basic Latin alphabet).