[4][5] LIF is used for studying structure of molecules, detection of selective species and flow visualization and measurements.
This fluorescent light is typically recorded with a photomultiplier tube (PMT) or filtered photodiodes.
The disperse spectra are performed with a fixed lasing wavelength, as above and the fluorescence spectrum is analyzed.
The signal-to-noise ratio of the fluorescence signal is very high, providing a good sensitivity to the process.
LED-induced fluorescence has been used in situ to delineate aromatic hydrocarbon contamination as a cone penetrometer add on module and also as a percussive capable asset.