After the independence of Latvia and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the nation returned to the Olympic Games in 1992 and has competed at every Games since then.

Latvian athletes have won a total of 21 medals at the Summer Olympic Games and 10 medals at the Winter Olympic Games.

These totals do not include medals won by Latvian athletes while competing for the Soviet Union.

The National Olympic Committee for Latvia was first created in 1922.

At the 2010 Winter Olympics, Haralds Silovs became the first athlete in Olympic history to participate in both short track (1500m) and long track (5000m) speed skating, and the first to compete in two different disciplines on the same day.