Founded in 1953 in Léopoldville (modern-day Kinshasa) under Belgian colonial rule, the band was led by Joseph Kabasele Tshamala, popularly known by his stage name Le Grand Kallé.

African Jazz emerged from the vibrant urban culture of Léopoldville during the last decade of Belgian rule in the Congo.

[3] The band itself was created at the initiative of Joseph Kabasele Tshamala, known as Le Grand Kallé, in 1953.

[6] The rivalry manifested in a move towards different musical styles by both bands which would define the two schools of Congolese rumba that emerged in the period.

[6] African Jazz played an important role in introducing new musicians to the Congolese public.