Lebensreform

Other influential proponents included Sebastian Kneipp, Louis Kuhne, Rudolf Steiner, Hugo Höppener (Fidus), Gustav Gräser, and Adolf Just.

One noticeable legacy of the Lebensreform movement in Germany today is the Reformhaus ("reform house"), which are retail stores that sell organic food and naturopathic medicine.

Representatives of the Lebensreform propagated a natural way of life with ecology and organic farming, a vegetarian diet without alcoholic beverages and tobacco smoking, German dress reform, and naturopathy.

In the body culture (Körperkultur), it aimed to provide people with plenty of fresh air and sun to compensate for the effects of industrialization and urbanization.

One outstanding prophet of the Lebensreform movement was the painter Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach (1861–1913), a pacifist and Tolstoyan anarchist who lived with his students in a hermitage in Höllriegelskreuth near Munich and later founded the community Himmelhof [de] near Vienna.

Gustav Gräser, a thinker and poet, greatly influenced the German Youth Movement and such writers as Hermann Hesse and Gerhart Hauptmann.

Richard Ungewitter and Heinrich Pudor were also well-known advocates of a strain of Lebensreform that emphasized nude culture (Nacktkultur) and was explicitly Völkisch in tradition, which eventually became the Freikörperkultur movement.

He argued that the practices he recommended would be "the means by which the German race would regenerate itself and ultimately prevail over its neighbours and the diabolical Jews, who were intent on injecting putrefying agents into the nation's blood and soil".

One member of this group, eden ahbez, wrote the song Nature Boy, recorded in 1947 by Nat King Cole, popularizing the "back-to-nature" movement in mainstream America.

Eventually, a few of these Nature Boys, including Gypsy Boots, made their way to Northern California in 1967, just in time for the Summer of Love in San Francisco.