The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first, second, third, and fourth congressional districts.
Prior to gaining separate representation, areas now under the jurisdiction of Bukidnon were represented under the Department of Mindanao and Sulu (1917–1935).
The voters of Bukidnon were finally given the right to elect their own representative through popular vote beginning in 1935 by virtue of Article VI, Section 1 of the 1935 Constitution.
[1] During the Second World War, the Province of Bukidnon sent two delegates to the National Assembly of the Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic: one was the provincial governor (an ex officio member), while the other was elected through a provincial assembly of KALIBAPI members during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines.
Upon the restoration of the Philippine Commonwealth in 1945 the province retained its pre-war lone congressional district.