The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its lone congressional district.
Prior to gaining separate representation, areas now under the jurisdiction of Occidental Mindoro were represented under the lone district of the undivided Mindoro Province from 1898 to 1951.
[1] Pursuant to Section 6 of R.A. 505, the incumbent representative of Mindoro continued to serve the entire province until Occidental Mindoro's separate representative was elected in a special election held on the same day as the 1951 senatorial elections.
[1] Occidental Mindoro was represented in the Interim Batasang Pambansa as part of Region IV-A from 1978 to 1984, and returned one representative, elected at large, to the Regular Batasang Pambansa in 1984.
Under the new Constitution which was proclaimed on February 11, 1987, the province constituted a lone congressional district,[2] and elected its member to the restored House of Representatives starting that same year.