The city is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its lone congressional district.
719 of April 3, 1903, composed of the territories of the Spanish-era pueblos of Iloilo, Jaro, La Paz, Mandurriao and Molo.
When seats for the upper house of the Philippine Legislature were elected from territory-based districts between 1916 and 1935, the then-municipalities of Arevalo, Iloilo (also encompassing Mandurriao and Molo), Jaro and La Paz — along with the rest of Iloilo province — formed part of the seventh senatorial district which elected two out of the 24-member senate.
Upon the restoration of the Philippine Commonwealth in 1945, the city's representation reverted to the second district of Iloilo province, of which it remained a part until 1972.
Iloilo City was represented in the Interim Batasang Pambansa as part of Region VI from 1978 to 1984.