The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first and second congressional districts.
Prior to gaining separate representation, areas now under the jurisdiction of Oriental Mindoro were represented under the lone district of the undivided Mindoro Province from 1898 to 1951.
505, the incumbent representative of Mindoro began to represent only Oriental Mindoro in the second half of the 2nd Congress, following the election of Occidental Mindoro's separate representative in a special election held on the same day as the 1951 senatorial elections.
[1] Oriental Mindoro was represented in the Interim Batasang Pambansa as part of Region IV-A from 1978 to 1984, and returned two representatives, elected at large, to the Regular Batasang Pambansa in 1984.
Under the new Constitution which was proclaimed on February 11, 1987, the province was reapportioned into two congressional districts;[2] each elected its member to the restored House of Representatives starting that same year.