Melba Roy Mouton (April 28, 1929 – June 25, 1990) was an African American[1] mathematician who served as Assistant Chief of Research Programs at NASA's Trajectory and Geodynamics Division in the 1960s[2] and headed a group of NASA mathematicians called "computers".

[8] While at Howard, Mouton was president of the Kelly Miller Chapter of Future Teachers of America and a member of the NAACP, the Mathematics Club, and the Delta Sigma Theta sorority.

She also was on the Dean's Honor Roll for four years, and was selected for the 1949-1950 Who’s Who among Students in American Universities and Colleges.

[3] While at Goddard, Mouton was an instructor for a series of seminars on A Programming Language held at Watson Research Labs.

[9] In a NASA symposium, she published a paper about the importance of investing in thorough, descriptive program documentation for projects which are to be maintainable over time.