Cheremisov was born to a peasant family on 1 July 1893 in the village of Lysye Gory, Atkarsky Uyezd, Saratov Governorate.
He fought in the Russian Civil War after joining the Red Army in 1919, serving as a company, battalion, and regimental commander.
After becoming chief of the school of the division in February 1924, Cheremisov served as assistant battalion commander in the 79th Regiment from September.
Cheremisov graduated from the external faculty of the Frunze Military Academy in 1938 and was appointed commander of the 68th Mountain Rifle Division in March of that year after being promoted to kombrig on 20 February, then advanced to command the 20th Rifle Corps in the Soviet Far East in February 1939.
[4] After the end of the war, Cheremisov briefly became commandant of the 103rd Fortified Region in the Far Eastern Military District after the 16th Army was disbanded.