His younger brothers Ernest the Iron and Frederick were, for the time being, left to grow up.

In 1406 their eldest brother Duke William died without leaving heirs, and Leopold became the next head of their family.

Leopold was left with responsibility of the Further Austrian territories, together with the position of head of the family.

In 1406, Leopold took over the guardianship of their young cousin Albert V, which resulted in conflicts with his brother Ernest.

Leopold died in Vienna and was buried in the Ducal Crypt in the city's cathedral.