It emerged as the rank of field marshal (German: Feldmarschall) came to be used for the highest army commander in the 17th century (having originally been the equivalent of a cavalry colonel[1]).

Amongst his functions as the personal deputy to the field marshal, were the supervision of supply depots and routes, and inspection of the guards.

In Austria the rank continued to be used after 1918 by the commander-in-chief (FML Adolf von Boog) of the so-called Volkswehr (People's Defence) until 1919.

In 1933, following national tradition, Austrian ranks, insignia and uniforms were reintroduced, including lieutenant field marshal.

[4] During the time of the Austro-Hungarian Army, the rank of Lieutenant field marshal was called Altábornagy (in Hungarian).