Lihirians follow traditional belief systems, although official census records indicate that 99% of the PNG population are Christians, with Catholicism being the largest denomination.

[6] Lihir represents one of the largest epithermal gold deposits in the world and it is hosted by high-potassic igneous rocks.

The mine holds one of the world's largest gold resources (46 million ounces (1.3 billion grams)).

Grab samples from the submarine Conical Seamount, located about 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Lihir Island, contain high gold concentrations of up to 250 g/t (9.0 oz/long ton) Au (avg.

The largest settlement on the Island is Londolovit, where most of the expatriate mine employees live.

An airstrip large enough to land a small jet is also located north of Londolovit, at Kunaye[9] village As is the case in many tropical regions, mosquito-borne viruses are present on the island, as is malaria.