[6] Adults, and especially males when courting females, exhibit a metallic steel blue gloss.

[7] Male fish usually also have patches of black and sulfur-yellow scales on their heads, fins, and flanks.

[6] Sexually mature females instead have a large bluish-black pigmented area around the gonopore called the gravid spot,[7] unique in the genus.

[9] Limia melanogaster is endemic to Jamaica,[10] specifically the southern and western parts of the island.

The species shares its habitat with a fellow poeciliid Gambusia wrayi and certain cichlids and gobies.

[11] Algae make up a significant portion of its diet, especially in brackish water.

[4] Neale Monks of the Tropical Fish Hobbyist magazine listed L. melanogaster among seven livebearers which were more commonly kept in aquaria until the introduction of new, fancy varieties.