Doyle has worked as a member of regulatory and advisory bodies in both Ireland, on broadband network strategy, and the UK, on mobile spectrum allocation.

[8] After a period of post-doctoral research, Doyle joined the faculty of the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering at Trinity College Dublin in the late 1990s.

[8] In the mid-2010s, she was appointed the first head of a Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)-supported national research centre focused on telecommunications in the future, CONNECT, and the CTVR was later merged into this.

Among the projects launched by Doyle were the "Pervasive Nation" LoRa Internet of Things network and, using that system, a flood and river level monitoring initiative with Dublin City Council.

Doyle personally led the Edge project, funded by SFI under the EU Horizon 2020 programme, with a budget of 6 million euro and 71 researchers, conducting work on digital content technology, telecoms networks and advanced materials.

[19] Doyle has authored or co-authored a wide range of papers, many peer-reviewed, including her most-cited, in the cognitive radio area, Cyclostationary signatures in practical cognitive radio applications, as well as one on spectrum management, Spectrum without bounds, networks without borders, for which she was the lead author, and Painting style transfer for head portraits using convolutional neural networks which treats of software engineering and the arts together.

[8] Some of her more recent co-authored papers include one which brought together two network themes and blockchain, Toward Scalable User-Deployed Ultra-Dense Networks: Blockchain-Enabled Small Cells as a Service (2020),[20] another on spectrum management, as a book chapter with Doyle as lead author, Open Access Markets for Capacity and the Inseparability of Spectrum and Infrastructure (2020),[21] and Low Complexity Modem Structure for OFDM-Based Orthogonal Time Frequency Space Modulation (2017).

She has also been a judge of Ireland's Young Scientist and Technology Exhibition, and was involved as a board member and in other ways with the Festival of Curiosity, a scientific discovery event for a large audience of children in Dublin.

[16] The other two candidates in the election were also women, Linda Hogan and Jane Ohlmeyer, paving the way for the first female provost since the founding of the college by Queen Elizabeth I in 1592.

[17] There was controversy when, soon after Science Gallery Dublin was included as one of the named projects of a 400 million euro fundraising campaign,[29] and just days after Doyle opened the first exhibition at the gallery since closure due to Covid pandemic restrictions, staff were told that it would close permanently in February 2022,[30] with no prior consultation with workers, State, the public or donors, and a refusal of comment.

[30] The past provost, Patrick Prendergast, also chairperson of Science Gallery International, said that closure would be a serious loss,[31] and the gallery's founding chairperson, Chris Horn, commented with regret, and that it was "important that the new Provost, Linda Doyle, understands the public sentiment in favour of growing the Gallery, not closing it…"[32][33] Doyle tweeted about a positive phone call with the Minister for Higher Education at the end of October, and by January 2022, after talks with Government departments and a comment by the Taoiseach in the Dail,[34] Doyle made clear that the closure would proceed, but that it might reopen with a new working model.

[35] Trinity's student newspaper, The University Times, concluded after Doyle's first semester that she did appear committed to a more transparent operation, and was more accessible than her predecessor but had faced controversy over a slow return to in-person lectures, the Science Gallery closure, and problems with plans for the Trinity East extension project and the temporary relocation of the Book of Kells exhibition.