Lion Attacking a Dromedary[note 1] is an orientalist diorama by French taxidermist Édouard Verreaux in the collection of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History.

It depicts a fictional scene of a man on a dromedary struggling to fend off an attack by a Barbary lion.

In 2020, the diorama was removed from view in response to the Black Lives Matter movement and the lack of accuracy.

Three years later, the exhibit was permanently removed from public view due to a newly enacted human-remains policy.

Verreaux created the work with the remains of a human, two barbary lions, and dromedary that were collected in Africa.

[1] The positioning of the human and lions in the diorama was based on Arab Horseman Killing a Boar and The Tiger Hunt by French sculptor Antoine-Louis Barye.

[2][3] After the death of Verreaux in 1867, Lion Attacking a Dromedary was sold to the American Museum of Natural History and shown at the 1876 Centennial Exposition.

[7] The museum purchased an Arabian flintlock long gun from an antiques dealer in Pittsburgh and added it to the piece at this time.

[2][13] As a part of the unveiling, the Carnegie Museum of Natural History hosted a symposium about the restoration, the diorama, and its misrepresentation of North Africa.

[6] In July 2020, the Carnegie Museum of Natural History removed Lion Attacking a Dromedary from view citing the Black Lives Matter movement and the lack of accuracy.

[14][15] That remained the status quo until July 2021 when Lion Attacking a Dromedary was returned to public view with additional context.

"[18] Lion Attacking a Dromedary is considered to be Verreaux's masterpiece by journalist Miquel Molina in an article in Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies.