A direct descendant of Maclisp, it was initially developed in the mid to late 1970s as the system programming language for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Lisp machines.
Symbolics named their variant ZetaLisp.
Lisp Machines, Inc. and later Texas Instruments (with the TI Explorer) would share a common code base, but their dialect of Lisp Machine Lisp would differ from the version maintained at the MIT AI Lab by Richard Stallman and others.
[1][2] The manual was popularly termed the Chine Nual, because the full title was printed across the front and back covers such that only those letters appeared on the front.
[3] This name is sometimes further abbreviated by blending the two words into Chinual.