Voivode (Slavic languages for 'war-leader' / 'war-lord') is a Slavic as well as Romanian title that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force.
It derives from the word vojevoda, which in early Slavic meant the bellidux, i.e. the military commander of an area, but it usually had a greater meaning.
Among the first modern-day voivodes was Kole Rašić, a late 19th-century Serb revolutionary and guerrilla fighter, who led a cheta of 300 men between Niš and Leskovac in Ottoman areas during the Serbo-Turkish War (1876–1878).
The others were Rista Cvetković-Božinče, Čerkez Ilija, Čakr-paša, and Spiro Crne.
Jovan Hadži-Vasiljević, who knew Spiro Crne personally, wrote and published his biography, Spiro Crne Golemdžiojski, in 1933.