List of Jewish heads of state and government

[81][82] Another recent head of state of Jewish heritage is Nicolas Sarkozy, a former president of France.

Sarkozy has a Greek Jewish grandfather who converted to Catholicism to marry his French Catholic maternal grandmother.

[88] His father was born to a German Jewish banker, Ludwig Gumpel, and a Christian waitress, Friederike Wenzel,[89] and then covertly adopted, although this was kept a family secret for many years.

[90] Schmidt served in Hitler's Wehrmacht, while managing to hide his Jewish roots from the Nazi regime.

[98] Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa who has served as the president of Portugal since 2016 claimed that his mother had Jewish ancestry.