[citation needed] This, however, was limited to the regional and mainline services, as well as some tourist traffic.
In an effort to include local traffic therefore resulted in regional tariff networks, which initially covered only the subscriptions in the narrow context of larger cities.
To provide this benefit also to other passengers, integral tariff networks emerged that cover the whole range of tickets.
The first regional integrated ticketing system in Switzerland was the Tarifverbund Nordwestschweiz (TNW).
The first and only[citation needed] transport association is the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV, lit.